| 单词 | computer |
| 释义 | computer An electronic device that processes information according to a set of instructions, called the program . The most versatile type of computer is the digital computer , in which the input is in the form of characters, represented within the machine in binary notation. Central to the operation of a computer is the central processing unit (CPU ), which contains circuits for manipulating the information (see logic circuits). The CPU contains the arithmetic/logic unit (ALU ), which performs operations, and a control unit. It is supported by a short-term memory , in which data is stored in electronic circuits (see RAM). Associated storage usually involves magnetic disks or CD-ROM. There are also various peripheral input and output devices, such as a keyboard, visual-display unit (VDU), magnetic tape unit, and printer. Computers range in size from the microprocessor with a few thousand logic elements, to the large mainframe computer with millions of logic circuits. The analog computer is used in scientific experiments, industrial control, etc. In this type of device the input and output are continuously varying quantities, such as a voltage, rather than the discrete digits of the more commercially useful digital device. Hybrid computers combine the properties of both digital and analog devices. Input is usually in analog form, but processing is carried out digitally in a CPU. Computer hardware consists of the actual electronic or mechanical devices used in the system; the software consists of the programs and data. See also ROM |
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