| 单词 | Bloch's theorem |
| 释义 | Bloch's theorem A theorem relating to the quantum mechanics of crystals stating that the wave function ψ for an electron in a periodic potential has the form ψ(r) = exp(ik·r)U(r), where k is the wave vector, r is a position vector, and U(r) is a periodic function that satisfies U(r + R) = U(r), for all vectors R of the Bravais lattice of the crystal. Block's theorem is interpreted to mean that the wave function for an electron in a periodic potential is a plane wave modulated by a periodic function. This explains why a free-electron model has some success in describing the properties, such as electrical and thermal conductivity, of certain metals and why the free-electron model is inadequate to give a quantitative description of the properties of most metals. Block's theorem was formulated by the German-born US physicist Felix Bloch (1905–83) in 1928. See also energy band |
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