| 单词 | earthquake |
| 释义 | earthquake A sudden movement or fracturing within the earth's lithosphere, causing a series of shocks. This may range from a mild tremor to a large-scale earth movement causing extensive damage over a wide area. The point at which the earthquake originates is known as the seismic focus ; the point on the earth's surface directly above this is the epicentre (or hypocentre ). See seismic waves. Earthquakes result from a build-up of stresses within the rocks until they are strained to the point beyond which they will fracture. They occur in narrow continuous belts of activity, which correspond with the junction of lithospheric plates, including the circum-Pacific belt, the Alpine-Himalayan belt, and mid-ocean ridges. The scale of the shock of an earthquake is known as the magnitude; the most commonly used scale for comparing the magnitude of earthquakes is the logarithmic Richter scale (8.9 is the highest recorded magnitude on the scale) |
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