| 单词 | phase transition |
| 释义 | phase transition A change in a feature that characterizes a system. Examples of phase transitions are changes from solid to liquid, liquid to gas, and the reverse changes. Other examples of phase transitions include the transition from a paramagnet to a ferromagnet (see magnetism) and the transition from a normally conducting metal to a superconductor. Phase transitions can occur by altering such variables as temperature and pressure. Phase transitions can be classified by their order . If there is nonzero latent heat at the transition it is said to be a first-order transition . If the latent heat is zero it is said to be a second-order transition . Some models describing phase transitions, particularly in low-dimensional systems, are amenable to exact mathematical solutions. An effective technique for understanding phase transitions is the renormalization group since it can deal with problems involving different length-scales, including the feature of universality , in which very different physical systems behave in the same way near a phase transition. See also renormalization group; transition point; broken symmetry; early universe |
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