| 单词 | defect |
| 释义 | defect 1 A discontinuity in a crystal lattice. A point defect consists either of a missing atom or ion creating a vacancy in the lattice (a vacancy is sometimes called a Schottky defect ) or an extra atom or ion between two normal lattice points creating an interstitial . A Frenkel defect consists of a vacancy in which the missing atom or ion has moved to an interstitial position. If more than one adjacent point defect occurs in a crystal there may be a slip along a surface causing a line defect (or dislocation ). Defects are caused by strain or, in some cases, by irradiation. All crystalline solids contain an equilibrium number of point defects above absolute zero; this number increases with temperature. The existence of defects in crystals is important in the conducting properties of semiconductors. 2 See mass defect. |
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