“Carnot cycle”的概念、定义、习题解题方法及翻译-物理辞典

单词	Carnot cycle
释义	Carnot cycle The most efficient cycle of operations for a reversible heat engine. Published in 1824 by N. L. S. Carnot, it consists of four operations on the working substance in the engine (see illustration): ➠a Isothermal expansion at thermodynamic temperature T₁ with heat q₁ taken in. ➠b Adiabatic expansion with a fall of temperature to T₂. ➠c Isothermal compression at temperature T₂ with heat q₂ given out. ➠d Adiabatic compression with a rise of temperature back to T₁. According to the Carnot principle , the efficiency of any reversible heat engine depends only on the temperature range through which it works, rather than the properties of the working substances. In any reversible engine, the efficiency (η) is the ratio of the work done (W) to the heat input (q₁), i.e. η = W/q₁. As, according to the first law of thermodynamics, W = q₁ - q₂, it follows that η = (q₁ - q₂)/q₁. For the Kelvin temperature scale, q₁/q₂ = T₁/T₂ and η = (T₁ - T₂)/T₁ . For maximum efficiency T₁ should be as high as possible and T₂ as low as possible
随便看	pewter Pfund series pH pH scale phase phase angle phase diagram phase modulation phase rule phase space phase speed phase transition phase-contrast microscope phases of the moon phasor phlogiston theory phon phonon phosphor bronze phosphorescence phot photino photocathode photocell photochemical reaction

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