| 单词 | Galileo Galilei |
| 释义 | Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) Italian astronomer and physicist. In 1583 he noticed that the time of swing of a pendulum is independent of its amplitude, and three years later invented a hydrostatic balance for measuring relative densities. He became a professor in Padua in 1592 and it was there (in 1610) that he made his first astronomical telescope. With it he discovered four satellites of Jupiter, mountains on the moon, and sunspots. Returning to Pisa, his birthplace, he studied motion, demonstrating that the speed of a falling body is independent of its weight. He also gave open support to the sun-centred theory of the universe advocated by Copernicus, a stand that brought him into conflict with the church. He was summoned to Rome, forced to retract before the Inquisition, and banished under house arrest |
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