| 单词 | free energy |
| 释义 | free energy A measure of a system's ability to do work. The Gibbs free energy (or Gibbs function ), G, is defined by G = H - TS , where G is the energy liberated or absorbed in a reversible process at constant pressure and constant temperature (T), H is the enthalpy and S the entropy of the system. Changes in Gibbs free energy, ΔG, are useful in indicating the conditions under which a chemical reaction will occur. If ΔG is positive the reaction will only occur if energy is supplied to force it away from the equilibrium position (i.e. when ΔG = 0 ). If ΔG is negative the reaction will proceed spontaneously to equilibrium. It is named after Josiah Willard Gibbs.The Helmholtz free energy (or Helmholtz function ), F, is defined by F = U - TS , where U is the internal energy. For a reversible isothermal process, ΔF represents the useful work available. It is named after H. L. F. von Helmholtz |
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